By Scout Nelson
Researchers at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center (PREEC) are studying artificial insemination (AI) breeding strategies that could help cattle producers expand their herds more efficiently. The project focuses on improving pregnancy rates in replacement heifers, an important factor in herd growth and profitability.
The study is a collaboration between Rick Funston, Nebraska Extension beef reproductive specialist, and Bryan Palm, owner and manager of 2Bar Ranches. Researchers are comparing fresh and frozen semen, as well as single-sire and multi-sire semen, to determine which approach produces better reproductive results.
Developing replacement heifers is often one of the most expensive aspects of cattle production. While AI is widely used, pregnancy success rates can vary even when producers follow recommended reproductive management practices.
The research aims to determine whether semen pooled from three bulls can improve pregnancy rates compared to semen from a single sire. Researchers are also evaluating whether the use of fresh semen offers advantages over frozen semen.
The project includes 339 Angus heifers at Palm's feedyard and 534 Angus crossbred heifers at Kelly Ranches near Sutherland, Nebraska. Managing fresh semen has required additional coordination because it must be collected and delivered within a limited timeframe.
Early results from the first year of the three-year study have been encouraging. In 2026, heifers bred with fresh pooled semen showed AI pregnancy rates nearly 11% higher than comparison groups.
After calves are weaned next year, DNA testing will be conducted to identify parentage and determine which bulls contributed most to reproductive success. The findings could help cattle producers improve reproductive efficiency and support herd expansion efforts across the western Great Plains.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-pamwalker
Categories: Nebraska, Equipment & Machinery, Livestock