By Scout Nelson
Nebraska is experiencing a major change in its agricultural sector as many farmers are reaching retirement age. This generational shift is raising concerns about the future of soil conservation in the state. Experts believe that how farmland is managed after older producer's leave will play a key role in protecting soil health.
When farmers retire, their land is often sold through auctions. These auctions usually benefit large farming operations because they can afford higher prices. Smaller producers may find it difficult to compete in such situations. This trend can affect the way land is managed, especially when it comes to conservation practices.
“Auctions generally go to the highest bidder,” she said. “So oftentimes, the operations that are able to pay the most in those auctions are the biggest.”
Large-scale operations often focus on efficiency and productivity. Due to limited time during planting and harvesting seasons, conservation practices may not receive enough attention. These farming systems are usually driven by profit margins, which can limit investments in long-term soil health.
“We have a lot of ground that needs to be planted or harvested, and a short plating and harvesting season, and there’s simply not a lot of time to think about conservation.”
“So a producer has to pay for seed, getting it planted, and it’s labor-intensive. A lot of them want to get in and get out, as fast as possible, which doesn’t leave a lot of room for practices that might involve conservation.”
Practices such as no-till farming and planting cover crops are important for maintaining soil quality. Cover crops help reduce evaporation and protect soil during dry conditions.
“We have producers saying that having cover crops on the ground almost shades the soil, which has prevented evaporation.”
Smaller producers and new farmers may be more willing to adopt these practices, especially if landowners value conservation. In some cases, renters can also support conservation by offering to improve land quality.
“A producer can approach a landowner and say, ‘Not only will I pay cash rent for the land, but I’m going to improve that piece of ground regardless if I’m farming it or not in ten years,’” she said. “That should be a no-brainer."
Programs like the Conservation Mentorship Network are helping spread awareness and knowledge. Interest in these programs is growing, giving hope for the future.
“The interest is definitely there,” she said. “It’s promising.”
Despite challenges, efforts to promote sustainable farming practices continue, offering a positive outlook for Nebraska’s agricultural future.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-stockseller_ukr
Categories: Nebraska, General, Government & Policy