By Scout Nelson
Managing pastures with both cool- and warm-season grasses requires careful timing. Cool-season grasses such as brome or fescue grow best in spring and fall, while warm-season grasses like switchgrass thrive in summer. Begin grazing early on cool-season grasses, then shift to warm-season varieties as the weather heats up. Letting cool-season grasses rest in summer helps them regrow for fall grazing.
Rotating grazing periods not only support plant recovery but also help manage unwanted species. Grazing early on cool-season grass in warm-season pastures weakens those invaders while warm-season species remain dormant. A well-planned rotation results in better forage, fewer hay needs, and stronger pastures.
Hay harvest timing is also key. Cool season grasses like smooth bromegrass grow fast in spring. Cutting hay before or just at the heading stage gives higher protein levels. Protein declines quickly as plants mature, especially in warm and dry conditions. For example, hay cut around the third week of June in sub-irrigated meadows has more protein than hay cut in July.
Match hay timing with the livestock you plan to feed. Younger animals need higher nutrients, so cut hay earlier. For mature cows, allow more growth before cutting down on tonnage.
Weed control is another spring priority. Leafy spurge and non-native thistles like musk and plumeless thistle are best treated in early spring. Herbicides such as 2,4-D, Tordon 22K, and Milestone are effective if applied early. Canada thistle, a perennial, is better treated in fall but can be managed now with mowing and temporary herbicide use.
Consistent weed control and timely grazing and harvesting practices will lead to better forage quality and improved pasture health all season long. Use the Nebraska EC-130 guide for detailed weed control options.
Photo Credit:gettyimages-zoomtravels
Categories: Nebraska, Crops, Hay & Forage, Weather