Spring Pasture Tips for Livestock Health

By Scout Nelson

Spring is an important time for pasture and livestock management. Farmers focus on fresh forage growth, but careful planning is needed to avoid risks and improve productivity.

Ben Beckman, Extension Educator, along with Jerry Volesky, Nebraska Extension Range and Forage Specialist, and Todd Whitney, Extension Educator, highlighted key practices for managing pasture and livestock during the spring season to improve farm outcomes and animal health.

Key areas include managing grass tetany, planning grass seeding, and using cereal crops for grazing.

Grass tetany is a common issue in early spring. It occurs when animals have low magnesium levels in their blood. Fresh, fast-growing grass often lacks enough magnesium, especially lactating and older animals. To reduce this risk, farmers wait until pasture grass reaches about 6 inches before grazing. Including legumes like alfalfa and clover helps improve mineral balance. Providing mineral supplements with calcium and magnesium is also important. Animals should receive these minerals before grazing begins to ensure proper intake.

Spring is also a good time to seed new grass or improve existing pastures. Farmers choose grass types based on climate, soil, and use. Cool-season grasses work well for early grazing and hay, while warm-season grasses support summer pasture and wildlife habitat. Proper seedbed preparation, weed control, and soil testing are important for success. Seeding rates and timing depend on the chosen grass species.

Cereal crops like wheat, rye, and triticale offer flexible options. These crops can be used for both grazing and grain production. Grazing usually starts when plants reach 5 to 6 inches. If farmers plan to harvest grains, animals must be removed before the jointing stage to protect yield. Managing plant height and rotating livestock helps maintain forage quality.

Rye grows early in cool conditions, while triticale remains productive later in the season. These crops can also be used for hay or silage. After grazing or harvest, fields can be used for summer crops like sorghum or millet.

Good planning helps farmers manage risks and improve results. By focusing on animal health, proper seeding, and grazing practices, farmers can make the most of the spring season.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-imaginegolf